All magnetic media finally wears out after continuous use. Someone who is ever used the elderly audio cassette tapes will tell you that after some time the sound quality goes down & the amount of hiss goes up.
Hard disks are similar. After plenty of months or years of continuous use, they can start generating read or write errors & the general public at that point consign them to the rubbish bin.
But, the disk preparation process outlined above, (with a couple of slight changes), can often extend the life of a dodgy drive - often for months or even years. OK, sometimes it doesn't work & if it does there is no guarantee it will stay working for long, but it doesn't cost anything to try...
The resulting 'revived' drive won't be back to 'out of the factory' condition by any stretch of the imagination, & ought to not be thought about 100% reliable or used as your main boot-up drive. It ought to however be fine as a secondary information drive for storing things you can fundamentally replace (or you have backed up), ought to it fail again sometime in the future (which it surely will... finally).
So, to try & revive an elderly hard disk, the first thing to do is copy as much information off it as you can before you start. This is because the following procedure WILL DELETE EVERYTHING ALREADY ON THE DRIVE.
Notice the smart use of caps there? I did it because it is important because in case you continue, everything on the drive will be lost... forever! OK, don't say I didn't warn you...
If there is nothing important on it, note the drive's letter in Windows Explorer & follow the above process, but with the following procedure changes:
When in the Disk Management section of the Computer Management utility, when you find the drive you are working on, it ought to not say 'Unallocated' & have a black strip above it. It will probably say 'Healthy' & have a blue strip above it.
If it is a blue strip, in lieu of right clicking on the box & selecting 'New Partition...' you ought to delete the elderly first by selecting 'Delete Partition...'.
By the time you have completed that & it now says Unallocated & has a black strip, (or if was already an Unallocated drive), continue with the above procedure until you get to the screen with the tick box for choosing a Fast Format.
This time, do NOT tick the box. This will do a full disk format & is the bit that attempts to revive the bad sectors on the drive by writing & reading information to them (destroying what was already there in the process).
If a sector still has errors, it is marked as bad & a table of bad sectors created. When your OS accesses the drive later on, it refers to this table so it knows where the bad sectors are & avoids them.
This can take a long time to do compared to a Fast Format & depends on both the size of the drive & how bad a condition it is in. You could be taking a glance at hours than minutes...
When the format has completed, you are completed & can copy information to & from it to check it out. As mentioned before, don't assume that your drive is now back to 100% & be disappointed in case you still get errors when testing it out.
In lieu, assume it is still defective & be pleasantly surprised if the errors are gone!
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